Math class

Here is a Java program that demonstrates the use of various important methods from the Math class.

public class MathExample {
    public static void main(String[] args) {

        // Absolute value
        int absoluteValue = Math.abs(-10);
        System.out.println("Absolute Value of -10: " + absoluteValue);

        // Maximum and Minimum
        int max = Math.max(10, 20);
        int min = Math.min(10, 20);
        System.out.println("Maximum of 10 and 20: " + max);
        System.out.println("Minimum of 10 and 20: " + min);

        // Power
        double power = Math.pow(2, 3);  // 2^3
        System.out.println("2 raised to the power of 3: " + power);

        // Square Root
        double squareRoot = Math.sqrt(16); //√16
        System.out.println("Square Root of 16: " + squareRoot);

        // Random number between 0.0 (inclusive) and 1.0 (exclusive)
        double randomValue = Math.random();
        System.out.println("Random value between 0.0 and 1.0: " + randomValue);

        // Generate a random integer between 0 (inclusive) and 10 (exclusive)
        int randomInt = (int) (Math.random() * 10);
        System.out.println("Random integer between 0 and 10: " + randomInt);

        // Ceiling, Floor, Rounding, and Rint
        double number = 5.67;
        double ceilingValue = Math.ceil(number);
        double floorValue = Math.floor(number);
        long roundedValue = Math.round(number);
        double rintValue = Math.rint(number);
        System.out.println("Ceiling of 5.67: " + ceilingValue);
        System.out.println("Floor of 5.67: " + floorValue);
        System.out.println("Rounded value of 5.67: " + roundedValue);
        System.out.println("Rint value of 5.67: " + rintValue);

    }
}

Absolute Value

• Explanation: The absolute value of a number is its distance from zero, without considering whether it's positive or negative.
• Code: Math.abs(-10) returns 10 because the absolute value of -10 is 10.

Maximum and Minimum

• Explanation: The maximum function returns the larger of two numbers, while the minimum function returns the smaller.
• Code:
  • Math.max(10, 20) returns 20 because 20 is larger.
  • Math.min(10, 20) returns 10 because 10 is smaller.

Power

• Explanation: This function raises one number to the power of another.
• Code: Math.pow(2, 3) calculates 2 to the power of 3 (2^3), which is 8.

Square Root

• Explanation: The square root of a number is a value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the original number.
• Code: Math.sqrt(16) returns 4 because 4 * 4 = 16.

Random Value (0.0 to 1.0)

• Explanation: Generates a random decimal number between 0.0 (inclusive) and 1.0 (exclusive).
• Code: Math.random() might return something like 0.54321.

Random Integer (0 to 10)

• Explanation: Generates a random integer between 0 and 9.
• Code: (int) (Math.random() * 10) multiplies the random decimal by 10 and converts it to an integer.

Ceiling, Floor, Rounding, and Rint

Explanation:

• Math.ceil(5.67) finds the smallest integer greater than or equal to 5.67, which is 6.0.
• Math.floor(5.67) finds the largest integer less than or equal to 5.67, which is 5.0.
• Math.round(5.67) rounds 5.67 to the nearest long value, which is 6.
• Math.rint(5.67) returns the nearest even double value to 5.67, which is 6.0.

All Math Methods

A list of all Math methods can be found in the table below:

Method	Description	Return Type
abs(x)	Returns the absolute value of x	double|float|int|long
acos(x)	Returns the arccosine of x, in radians	double
addExact(x, y)	Returns the sum of x and y	int|long
asin(x)	Returns the arcsine of x, in radians	double
atan(x)	Returns the arctangent of x as a numeric value between -PI/2 and PI/2 radians	double
atan2(y,x)	Returns the angle theta from the conversion of rectangular coordinates (x, y) to polar coordinates (r, theta).	double
cbrt(x)	Returns the cube root of x	double
ceil(x)	Returns the value of x rounded up to its nearest integer	double
copySign(x, y)	Returns the first floating point x with the sign of the second floating point y	double|float
cos(x)	Returns the cosine of x (x is in radians)	double
cosh(x)	Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a double value	double
decrementExact(x)	Returns x-1	int|long
exp(x)	Returns the value of Ex	double
expm1(x)	Returns ex -1	double
floor(x)	Returns the value of x rounded down to its nearest integer	double
floorDiv(x, y)	Returns the division between x and y rounded down	int|long
floorMod(x, y)	Returns the remainder of a division between x and y where the result of the division was rounded down	int|long
getExponent(x)	Returns the unbiased exponent used in x	int
hypot(x, y)	Returns sqrt(x2 +y2) without intermediate overflow or underflow	double
IEEEremainder(x, y)	Computes the remainder operation on x and y as prescribed by the IEEE 754 standard	double
incrementExact(x)	Returns x+1	int|double
log(x)	Returns the natural logarithm (base E) of x	double
log10(x)	Returns the base 10 logarithm of x	double
log1p(x)	Returns the natural logarithm (base E) of the sum of x and 1	double
max(x, y)	Returns the number with the highest value	double|float|int|long
min(x, y)	Returns the number with the lowest value	double|float|int|long
multiplyExact(x, y)	Returns the result of x multiplied with y	int|long
negateExact(x)	Returns the negation of x	int|long
nextAfter(x, y)	Returns the floating point number adjacent to x in the direction of y	double|float
nextDown(x)	Returns the floating point value adjacent to x in the negative direction	double|float
nextUp(x)	Returns the floating point value adjacent to x in the direction of positive infinity	double|float
pow(x, y)	Returns the value of x to the power of y	double
random()	Returns a random number between 0 and 1	double
rint(x)	Returns the double value that is closest to x and equal to a mathematical integer	double
round(x)	Returns the value of x rounded to its nearest integer	long|int
scalb(x, y)	Returns x multiplied by 2 to the power of y	double|float
signum(x)	Returns the sign of x	double|float
sin(x)	Returns the sine of x (x is in radians)	double
sinh(x)	Returns the hyperbolic sine of a double value	double
sqrt(x)	Returns the square root of x	double
subtractExact(x, y)	Returns the result of x minus y	int|long
tan(x)	Returns the tangent of an angle	double
tanh(x)	Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a double value	double
toDegrees(x)	Converts an angle measured in radians to an approx. equivalent angle measured in degrees	double
toIntExact(x)	Converts a long value to an int	int
toRadians(x)	Converts an angle measured in degrees to an approx. angle measured in radians	double
ulp(x)	Returns the size of the unit of least precision (ulp) of x	double|float

Note: All Math methods are static.